مشارکت هماهنگ نیروگاه‌های مجازی تجاری و فنی برای شرکت در بازارهای انرژی و ذخیره چرخان

Individual Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) do not have sufficient capacity, flexibility or controllability to participate in the electricity markets.  By aggregation of some individual DERs into a Virtual Power Plant (VPP), this problem may be resolved. Under this concept, individual DERs would be able to gain access and visibility across the electricity markets. The aim of this paper is planning a Commercial VVP (CVPP) for participating in simultaneous energy and spinning reserve markets for a pool framework. Several Distributed Generation (DG) units and storages are included in the CVPP portfolio. The presented model of the CVPP is a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP). In this Paper the DER units included in the CVPP portfolio are not located in one geographical area. Therefore the CVPP takes only the operational constraints of DER units into account. It is proposed that each TVPP would then run a linear algorithm based on sensitivity analysis in which the distribution system constraints are met while aiming at minimizing the violations from the CVVPs scheduling. The presented model is a constrained linear least-squares problem which takes the operational constraints of DER units into account. The results show the effectiveness of this proposed approach.